Abstract
The article is aimed at analyzing cyber extremism as a threat to national security, identifying its main manifestations and possible ways to counter it. The problem of cyber extremism is particularly relevant due to the scale of the modern digital space, which allows extremist communities to effectively spread their ideas internationally while remaining anonymous. In the modern world, where digital technologies are penetrating into all spheres of life, new forms of threats are emerging, among which cyber extremism occupies a special place – the use of the Internet to spread extremist ideology, calls for violence, hatred and intolerance, as well as xenophobia, Russophobia, and radicalism. Of particular concern is its anonymous and cross-border nature, the digital transformation of the economy and the use of cryptocurrencies are making their own adjustments to counter modern threats at the national and international levels. The article presents the experience of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan in combating these crimes, as well as foreign countries. Based on the analysis of the scale and specifics of cyber extremism, the authors have developed measures to prevent it.