Analysis of Japanese Diplomacy Projects and Initiatives in Central Asia

Sh. Shadayeva, Panu Kilybayeva, M.K. Bolysbekova

2026

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DOI 10.32523/2616-6887-2026-154-1-175-185
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of Japan’s diplomatic strategy and specific projects in Central Asia. The author reveals the essence of Japan’s multi-vector approach to foreign policy, paying special attention to its main areas - Silk Road Diplomacy, official development assistance (ODA), and regional economic and infrastructure cooperation. This policy has strengthened Japan’s activity in Central Asia, establishing it as a third important player in the competition for influence between China and Russia. The article describes in detail the evolution and features of Japan’s bilateral relations with Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. The partnership established with each country is reflected in various areas and is implemented through specific projects in the fields of energy, transport, healthcare, and education. The author provides examples of programs implemented within the framework of Japan’s official development assistance (ODA) and analyzes their impact on the socio-economic development of the region. In addition, the article examines Japan’s policy of influence through the use of soft power tools, in particular, cultural diplomacy, education, and language exchange programs. These programs contribute to improving public opinion about Japan in the Central Asian countries and establishing long-term strategic partnerships. In general, Japan's strategic direction is aimed at ensuring peace and stability in the region, as well as establishing deep and balanced relations with Central Asia by strengthening its economic and cultural influence. The article also focuses on the institutional foundations of Japan's diplomatic activities in Central Asia. In particular, the mechanisms of cooperation in the format of the dialogue "Central Asia + Japan" and their effectiveness are analyzed. This multilateral dialogue platform is assessed as an important tool for establishing reliable partnerships with the countries of the region and jointly responding to common challenges.