Abstract
This article discusses the theoretical foundations and practical aspects of the application of variance analysis methods in statistical studies. Variance analysis is an important statistical method that allows you to assess the influence of one or more factors on the resultant indicator. In the course of the study, the basic concepts of the method, the conditions for its application, as well as approaches to determining general, factor and residual variances are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the specifics of the application of one-and two-factor variance analysis methods in biological and medical research. Using the method of one-factor variance analysis based on specific biological and medical statistical data, its effectiveness and practical significance are demonstrated. The results of the study contribute to improving the quality of statistical analysis in research work.