Abstract
This article is devoted to identifying the historical causes of the famine of the 1920-1930s in the Turkestan region and its socio-economic consequences. This famine is a national tragedy, preserved in the historical consciousness of the Kazakh people as an irreparable tragedy. The main reasons for this evil were the agrarian reforms of the Soviet government, forced collectivization, sedentary campaigns and policies directed against the traditional economy of the population. Attempts to forcibly change the traditional way of life of the population, an economy based on animal husbandry, led to a large social collapse. Political campaigns such as the agrarian policy of the Soviet government, the process of collectivization, confiscation of property and forced settling led to mass hunger, overthrowing the traditional way of life and economic structure in the region. Dramatic declines in livestock, food shortages and mismanagement have led to increased hunger. These various factors that led to hunger are considered in the article in a comprehensive manner. In addition, a scientific analysis of demographic disasters caused by hunger, mass population movements and changes in the social structure will be carried out. This study is aimed at a deep understanding of the history of the Turkestan region, the disclosure of the tragic pages of that time and the formation of the historical memory of the modern generation.