Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the leading agricultural crops in the Republic of Kazakhstan. However, its productivity is declining due to viral diseases and the ineffectiveness of traditional seed production, necessitating the use of biotechnological methods to obtain improved seed material. determine the optimal conditions for mineral and hormonal nutrition to increase the efficiency of growth and development of microplants of Romano and Riviera varieties in in vitro culture. Cultivation was carried out on modified Murashige-Skoog and White media with varying sterilization, hormonal supplements, and macro- and microelement concentrations. Morphogenesis, root system development, and the multiplication rate were assessed. Variety-specific responses to the medium composition were identified; optimization of mineral and hormonal nutrition contributed to enhanced morphogenesis and an increase in the multiplication rate, which allows for the improvement of technologies for the production of improved planting material.