Abstract
In recent years, nanosatellites have become an affordable solution for space research, used in various fields such as meteorological monitoring, communications, and hotspot detection. This article presents a comprehensive thermal analysis of the AlfaSat nanosatellite, the main purpose of which is to identify hot spots in the regions of Kazakhstan. The research methodology included a detailed analysis of all satellite subsystems and the definition of boundary conditions. At the first stage, the optical loads were calculated and the requirements for each subsystem were evaluated. Then, the calculation of external and internal thermal loads was carried out to obtain an accurate temperature distribution over the satellite. The results obtained make it possible to ensure the stability of all components within the permissible temperature range