Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of the possibilities of using satellite data to assess and monitor forest ecosystems, which is a key task in the context of sustainable management of natural resources. The research is aimed at developing a methodology for differentiating forest-forming rocks of the temperate zone based on the analysis of their seasonal spectral dynamics using modern Earth remote sensing technologies (Landsat 8-9) and a geoinformation systems tool (ArcGIS 10.8). The results of a study of the spectral characteristics of tree species based on an analysis of their reflectivity in various ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum in a temperate climate zone are presented. It has been established that the most contrasting spectral differences, which make it possible to reliably identify deciduous and coniferous tree species, are observed during certain phenological periods (spring and summer), which confirms the importance of taking into account the time factor when deciphering forests. The calculations carried out to establish boundaries and determine the area of forest areas affected by fire confirm the efficiency and effectiveness of using remote sensing methods and geoinformation technologies. The results and algorithm of actions of the conducted research are of practical importance for forestry in order to determine the species composition of forests, their inventory and monitoring, timely response to possible threats such as forest fires and logging, as well as assessment of their consequences.