Abstract
The modern development of historical cities in Kazakhstan demands the actualization and necessity of design approaches that combine the principles of preserving cultural heritage with contemporary methods of shaping the urban environment. The aim of the research is to identify and systematize the architectural principles of modeling public spaces in the city of Turkestan based on cultural heritage. The methods include morphological and typological analysis of Turkestan’s public spaces, graphic modeling, andcomparative study of traditional forms and modern design solutions. The study applies methods of analyzing axial and visual connections, as well as constructing graphic models that reflect the hierarchy of urban architectural dominants.The results show that architectural modeling of public spaces in Turkestan relies on preserving the cultural and historical code and adapting traditional spatial structures—such as squares, axes, courtyards, and terraces—to modern urban planning conditions. The concept of a spatial and cultural framework of the city is proposed, ensuring continuity of forms and meanings. The research demonstrates that using cultural heritage as a methodological basis for design contributes to the creation of a sustainable and identifiable urban environment that integrates history, culture, and modernity.