Abstract
Based on the analysis of scholarly and bibliographic sources as well as archival data, the article examines the participation of the Kazakh population in trade union activities during the implementation of the national indigenization policy initiated in the early Soviet period. The authors analyze the dynamics of quantitative indicators during the years of the quota system of indigenization (1923–1926), which made it possible to identify the main trends and features of the involvement of the indigenous population in the trade union movement. Indigenization, as an important element of nation-building, became one of the key factors and additional incentives for the growth of social and institutional activity among the Kazakhs, facilitating their integration into Soviet structures. The purpose of the article is to determine the role of the Kazakh population in the trade union movement during indigenization and to reveal the impact of this policy on nation-building processes and socio-economic modernization in the early Soviet period.