Abstract
Introduction . The relevance of this study arises from the profound transformation of university branch networks in post-Soviet countries, which directly impacts the accessibility of higher education, the human resource potential of regions, and their socio-economic development. Despite the critical role of these branches, systematic analysis from a comparative perspective remains underdeveloped. Aim . The present study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the organisational models and transformation trajectories of national university branch networks in Russia, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan. Methodology and research methods. The methodological framework is founded on systemic, spatial, and functional approaches. The study utilises methods of comparative economic-statistical analysis and expert evaluation. Results . The analysis reveals a reduction in the number of branches in Russia from 1,232 to 520 over the period 2014–2024, accompanied by their concentration in large cities, which exacerbates regional inequalities. In Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, growth in the number of branches and a more even distribution have been observed. A distinctive “mixed model” of network organisation has been identified in post-Soviet countries, combining centralised control with selective international expansion. Scientific novelty . The scientific novelty lies in the development of a comprehensive typology of branch network models (comprising five models) and in conducting the first detailed comparative analysis of their spatial transformation across the three largest post-Soviet countries. Practical significance . The findings and recommendations can be utilised by educational authorities to develop strategies for establishing branch networks that balance quality, accessibility, and sustainable regional development.