Abstract
Background: Foamed polyethylene is widely used in construction and in the oil and gas industry as a thermal and acoustic insulation material. Its popularity stems from low thermal conductivity, moisture resistance, and chemical stability. However, its durability and long-term performance remain limited. Radiation crosslinking provides an effective modification method by creating a three-dimensional polymer network and improving resistance to degradation. Aim: This study examines the effects of electron beam dose and gas atmosphere (air, argon, nitrogen) on the crosslinking degree of polyethylenes used in construction and oil and gas insulation. Materials and methods: Polyethylene samples irradiated with electron beams at doses of 75, 125, and 175 kGy in three atmospheres: air, argon, and nitrogen. Crosslinking was evaluated through gel fraction analysis following GOST R 59112–2020. Structural changes were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy using Infralum FT-08 (Russia) and Shimadzu IR Spirit (Japan). Results: Maximum crosslinking was observed at 125 kGy. Irradiation in inert atmospheres (argon and nitrogen) yielded higher gel fractions than in air, where degradation processes predominated. findings confirm a direct correlation between irradiation conditions and the structural stability of polyethylene. Conclusion: Radiation crosslinking significantly improves the performance of polyethylene by enhancing its thermal, chemical, and mechanical resistance. This approach can be recommended for producing long-lasting insulation and protective materials in both construction and oil and gas applications.