Abstract
The article presents the results of a technical and technological analysis of ceramics from the Pen’ki 2 site, dating to the Eneolithic period in Northeast Kazakhstan, conducted within the framework of the historical-cultural approach to the study of ancient pottery developed by A.A. Bobrinsky. The study of the ceramics aims to identify cultural traditions in the pottery-making practices of the population of the Pen’ki 2 site and to determine the degree of homogeneity of the population that left this site. As a result of the analysis of pottery technology, it was revealed that the potters used medium-ferruginous clays with moderate to high sand content during the period of the site occupation. The study of the molding masses, based on the identified uniform recipe of “clay+fluff+organic solution” and the uniformity of ornamental elements (pricked and pitted), patterns (wave, zigzag, and rhombus), and motifs derived from them, allowed us to conclude that the population inhabiting this site was homogeneous. A comparison of this material revealed a high degree of cultural affinity with the ceramic assemblages of the Novoilinka III, Novoilinka VI, and Vengerovo 3 settlements, as well as with one group of pottery from the Stary Moskovsky Trakt-5 settlement, all of which belong to the “comb-pit pottery community” of the Baraba forest-steppe.