Abstract
The purpose of this review is to provide an updated overview of the potential use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in regenerative medicine. MSCs can be isolated from various tissues, and their biological properties largely depend on their source. Bone marrow-derived MSCs remain the most studied and widely used; however, their use is limited by the invasive nature of their collection, low cell yield, and age-related decline in regenerative potential. The human placenta offers an alternative source of MSCs for drug research and development due to its high availability, the ability to obtain large numbers of cells, and low immunogenicity. This review aims to summarize current literature data on the regenerative properties of human bone marrow and placental mesenchymal stem cells and to compare their potential for use in regenerative medicine. Keywords: mesenchymal stem cells, regenerative cell therapy, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, placental mesenchymal stem cells.