Abstract
The rapid economic growth and ongoing digital transformation of Kazakhstan have had a profound influence on the terminological layer of the Kazakh language. The introduction of new technologies and the expansion of globalized business practices have necessitated the continuous renewal of the national lexical system. Business terminology, in particular, constitutes one of the most dynamic domains, with new concepts and terms emerging on a daily basis. This article aims to examine the sociolinguistic characteristics of Kazakh and English business terminology, with particular attention to the social, political, and economic factors that shape their formation and usage. The study is based on the comparative analysis of 1500 terminological units, examining their classification, structural patterns, and mechanisms of term formation in both languages. Particular emphasis is placed on the impact of English borrowings on the Kazakh business lexicon, as well as on the sociocultural dimensions embedded within business discourse. The research employs descriptive-analytical and comparative-contrastive methods, alongside systematization and classification approaches. The linguistic data were drawn from texts found on social media platforms, official websites, media sources, and business publications. The current sociolinguistic status of the Kazakh language is examined through external observation methods. The study confirms that international business terms borrowed from English significantly contribute to the functional expansion of the Kazakh language. While traditional principles of term formation tend to limit emotional expressiveness, the findings reveal an increasing presence of metaphorical expressions and semantic coloration in modern business terms. The dominant role of English in shaping contemporary Kazakh business vocabulary is also highlighted.