Abstract
The paper presents the results of a comprehensive geological and hydrogeological assessment of the Alakol groundwater deposit in the Alakol Depression, southeastern Kazakhstan. This deposit represents one of the principal groundwater sources for the rapidly developing resort infrastructure on the southern shore of Lake Alakol. It is therefore of considerable socio-economic importance for the region. The study examines the geomorphological setting of the area, the lithological composition and thickness of aquifer-bearing deposits, groundwater occurrence conditions, and the main factors governing groundwater recharge, flow, and discharge. The groundwater regime in both recharge and discharge zones is characterized, and the principal filtration flow directions and hydraulic relationships between groundwater and surface waters are identified. In addition, the paper evaluates the configuration of existing water intake facilities, groundwater abstraction rates, and the influence of pumping on the regional hydrogeological balance. Particular attention is paid to the rational use and protection of groundwater resources under conditions of increasing recreational pressure. The results may serve as a scientific basis for the further development of resort infrastructure and sustainable groundwater management in the southern coastal zone of Lake Alakol.