Abstract
This article presents a comparative analysis of two primary routing protocols – OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) and BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) – within multi-level network architectures. The study involved testing the actual performance of both protocols using Cisco Packet Tracer. Key aspects such as connection establishment time, convergence speed, resource load, and routing policy flexibility were examined.The test results showed that OSPF is characterized by fast connection establishment and quick convergence, making it the preferred choice for use within an autonomous system where high availability and minimal response time are critical. On the other hand, while BGP has a slower connection setup and convergence, it offers significantly greater scalability and flexibility in routing policy configuration, making it an optimal choice for inter-network communication and global networks.The study also addressed the protocols' resistance to routing loops, as well as their processor and memory load, highlighting that BGP requires fewer resources. This makes it more efficient in scalable and high-load network environments.The presented results may serve as a valuable reference for network engineers and administrators when choosing an appropriate routing protocol depending on the specific network requirements and architecture.