Abstract
The loss of biodiversity all over the world due to climate change and ecosystem destruction requires new conservation strategies. CRISPR-based gene drives offer promising opportunities for ecological restoration and biodiversity conservation, especially in aquatic environments, have a bright future. Gene drives are based on CRISPR / Cas9 technology that makes it possible to change the genetic characteristics of wild populations, which would contribute to resilience against various environmental stressors, including climate change, invasive species, and disease. CRISPR gene drives can help restore the genetic diversity of endangered species, as it allows beneficial characteristics to spread through populations and aid in ensuring the control of invasive species that endanger native ecosystems. Nevertheless, the introduction of gene drive technologies creates major ethical, ecological, and governance issues. These are the possibility of an unwanted ecological impact, problems with the transboundary flow of modified organisms, and the presence of strong regulatory frameworks to provide responsible use. This paper will examine the possible use of CRISPR-based gene drives in restoring aquatic ecosystems, in terms of their capacity to increase species adaptability, decrease extinction pressures, and recover ecosystem homeostasis. The results provide significant statistical insights, demonstrating that CRISPR-based gene drives can achieve an 85% allele frequency within just five generations and reduce invasive Asian carp populations by 60% within three generations. The regulatory and ethical factors are also addressed, and it is reasonable to note that it is important to collaborate globally and closely monitor the situation in order to reduce risks. The bright future of CRISPR-based gene drives implies new research and development to overcome the challenges and ensure that their safe and efficient use in conservation tactics.