Abstract
Anesthesiology and intensive care play a key role in ensuring the safety of surgical interventions and in the treatment of critical conditions. International standards and guidelines have significantly improved patient safety. Kazakhstan, following global trends, is actively implementing these practices while adapting them to national conditions. A distinctive feature of the domestic model is the combination of the functions of anesthesiologist and intensive care physician into a single specialty. This requires highly qualified training and a well-organized system. National standards regulate the structure of anesthesiology and intensive care services, defining staffing and organizational requirements; however, there is a gap between formal regulations and their practical implementation. A comparison of international and national approaches shows that Kazakhstan adopts many elements of global practices. At the same time, systemic challenges remain: staff shortages, limited role of nursing staff, insufficient equipment, and lack of simulation training. Solutions include the development of nurse-anesthetist institutions, updating protocols, modernization of equipment, expansion of simulation centers, and interdisciplinary training. Particular importance lies in building a culture of safety and transitioning to a patient-centered model.Thus, the anesthesiology and intensive care service in Kazakhstan is integrating into the global medical community but requires systematic adaptation of standards, strengthening of human and technical resources, and the development of a national evidence base. The consistent implementation of international standards, even in regional hospitals, will form the foundation for improving the quality and safety of healthcare in the country.Keywords: anesthesiology and intensive care, critical care, service organization, management, internationalstandards, patient safety.