Abstract
The research purpose is to increase in the efficiency of automotive diesel engines operating on alternative fuels, to develop approaches for adapting engine design and operating modes, and to justify technical solutions for improving fuel delivery systems. The article analyzes combustion parameters, features of fuel-air mixture formation, thermal regimes, and component wear under the use of different fuel compositions. The research established the influence of viscosity, cetane number, oxygen content, and impurities on В-243 engine operation stability, pollutant emissions, and the service life of components. The research results substantiated recommendations on the application of specific types of fuel mixtures aimed at improving thermal efficiency, reducing specific fuel consumption, and lowering harmful emissions. In addition, a schematic model of a modified fuel supply system capable of automatically adapting to changes in fuel composition is proposed. Experimental data, including comparative performance indicators of standard diesel fuel and alternative mixtures, serve as a basis for assessing the effectiveness of the proposed solutions and confirm their technical and economic viability. Thus, research results can be implemented on the modernization of automotive diesel engines in the context of a transition to a multifactorial fuel base, ensuring energy sustainability and reducing the negative environmental impact.