Abstract
The article examines the impact of probiotics on human health, with a particular emphasis on their interaction with the host's microbiota. Methods. The review begins with an extensive search of literature in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to gather studies on the effects of probiotics on the composition of the microbiome, immune response, and metabolic functions. The authors emphasize that the human microbiota, which consists of various microorganisms, plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis, supporting the immune system, and regulating metabolic health. Studies show that probiotics, particularly Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains, contribute to gut health by promoting beneficial bacteria, regulating the immune response, and inhibiting pathogen growth. According to research, probiotics can be an effective adjunct treatment for conditions associated with microbiota imbalance. They may offer benefits for neurological, metabolic, and immune health.Keywords: Human Health; Probiotics; Microbiota; Gut Health; Immune System; Metabolic Health