Abstract
The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the historical foundations of the 19th-century national liberation movements in the Junior Zhuz and examines the life and activities of their prominent leaders, Beket Serkebaiuly and Yernazar Kenzhalyuly. The aim of the study is to determine the role, political views, and contributions of these two batyrs during the 1847–1858 uprising led by Yeset Kotibaruly, drawing on archival documents and oral folklore materials. Methodologically, the research employs historical-documentary analysis, comparative methods, and the interpretation of oral sources. The findings demonstrate that Beket and Yernazar were among the key driving forces of the anti-colonial resistance, serving as trusted commanders of Yeset Batyr and leading several strategically significant battles. The scholarly value of the study lies in integrating the folk epic “Yernazar–Beket” with archival evidence to reassess their historical significance in the national narrative. The results can be applied in regional history studies, history education, and the systematic exploration of national heroes’ heritage.