Abstract
Digital transformation in public administration has generated complex risks that require systematic approaches. This review analyzes the application of ISO 31000 in digital governance, focusing on e-government and electronic human resource management (E-HRM) systems. Following PRISMA guidelines, 54 studies published between 2009 and 2024 were examined from an initial pool of 228 publications. Findings indicate that ISO 31000 provides a flexible, principle-based framework for identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks, enhancing service reliability and accountability. However, adoption in the public sector is limited by political turnover and fragmented resources. Complementary frameworks such as ISO 27005 and COBIT strengthen ISO 31000, yet research on emerging technologies (AI, blockchain, predictive HR analytics) remains insufficient. Keywords: ISO 31000, risk management, digital governance, e-government, systematic literature review