Abstract
Background HIV remains a major public health challenge, particularly among adolescents and young adults, whose vulnerability is exacerbated by sociodemographic, economic, and behavioral factors. This study aims to identify factors associated with HIV infection among adolescents aged 15 to 24 in Kinshasa, in order to improve prevention and screening strategies. Methods This is an analytical study based on data from the National Adolescent Health Program (PNSA) and PATHFINDER. Categorical variables were analyzed in absolute and relative frequencies. A bivariate and multivariate logistic regression, carried out with SPSS, was used to examine the impact of different variables on HIV status Results The prevalence of HIV among adolescents is 2.1%. The majority (99.4%) have heard of HIV, and 91.6% identify unprotected sex as the main mode of transmission, followed by the use of sharp objects (84.0%). Among preventive measures, 81.0% advocate condom use, and 63.9% avoidance of sharp objects. HIV positivity is more common among university students, young workers, and those who know where to find testing sites. Conclusions The study highlights the need for an integrated approach, combining education, social support, and expanded access to testing, to better prevent HIV transmission among adolescents.