Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing is an essential technique for enhancing hydrocarbon extraction from low-permeability reservoirs, such as shale and tight formations. However, its efficiency is often limited by the complex interactions between fracturing fluids, solid particles, and reservoir matrices. This study investigates the thermal and hydrodynamic effects of hydraulic fracturing using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and eXtended Discrete Element Method (XDEM) to optimize the fracture behavior and improve the oil production. Simulations were conducted using CMG IMEX to evaluate cumulative oil production and fluid flow rates, along with ANSYS Fluent to analyse reservoir behaviour after hydraulic fracturing. The results reveal that hydraulic fracturing significantly increases permeability and oil flow rates, with production reaching up to 10 barrels per day compared to 2 barrels per day prior to the fracturing. This combination method provides a systematic approach to improving hydraulic fracturing processes, resulting in better economic and operational outcomes in oil extraction.