Abstract
The article analyzes issues related to the dynamics of language processes in the Republic of Kazakhstan. It examines language legislation and the status of languages in Kazakhstan over different historical periods. The author highlights that an effective language policy must take into account cultural, social, and economic factors influencing language choice and usage in daily life. The study demonstrates that language choice is a key factor in language dynamics. The primary empirical data were collected through a sociological survey of residents of East Kazakhstan, a border region with a multiethnic population. The article argues that Kazakh-Russian bilingualism prevails in East Kazakhstan, but the extent to which these languages are used in daily life depends on the sphere of communication, the type of activity, and the topic of conversation. The author concludes that the linguistic situation in Eastern Kazakhstan is relatively stable: almost all respondents are fluent in Russian, while members of non-titular ethnic groups understand and, to some extent, speak the state language.