Abstract
This article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations for defining the grammatical minimum necessary for a lexico-grammatical dictionary used in teaching Kazakh as a foreign language. The study systematizes the criteria for selecting this minimum based on parameters such as the learner’s communicative needs, frequency, structural simplicity, and cultural-cognitive relevance. Grammatical categories, patterns of collocation, and functional features of the main parts of speech in the Kazakh language (noun, verb, adjective, numeral, pronoun, adverb, modal words, postpositions, interjections) are presented through contrastive analysis. The features of each part of speech in the Kazakh language and the functions of the necessary grammatical forms are presented through words, phrases, and short sentences, taking into account the learner’s language proficiency. English equivalents of Kazakh grammatical forms are provided. This does not involve direct, word-for-word translation; rather, each form is explained in English or an explanatory equivalent is given. If there is no exact equivalent, the meaning and function of the grammatical form are illustrated with examples, so that both the instructor and the language learner can clearly understand its purpose and usage. The main objective of the article is to examine the grammatical minimum of the Kazakh language from a scientific and methodological perspective and to propose ways of using it more effectively in the process of teaching Kazakh as a foreign language.