Abstract
Kazakhstan, like many other post-Soviet states, possesses a multicultural and multilingual social structure. Its long shared border with Russia and the relatively large proportion of Russian-speaking ethnic communities within its population distinguish it from other countries in the region. The status of the Kazakh language, which had been disadvantaged prior to independence, has significantly improved through language policies implemented since 1991. With the adoption of the Trilingual Education initiative in 2007, the state aimed to integrate Kazakh, Russian, and English into the national education system. However, experience and findings accumulated over time indicate that the initiative has not fully achieved its intended objectives. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, this chapter analyzes Kazakhstan's current language policy and its implications for identity formation and geopolitics, offering a theoretical framework for understanding multilingual education in post-Soviet contexts alongside practical recommendations for policymakers.