Abstract
In the context of modernisation in higher education, developing students’ cognitive competencies necessary for successful professional and scientific activities is a priority. Bloom’s taxonomy, a hierarchical model of cognitive processes, is an effective tool for systematising educational goals and developing teaching methods. This article examines the theoretical aspects of Bloom’s taxonomy, its application in curriculum and assessment design, and its impact on the development of critical thinking skills. Examples of the practical application of Bloom’s taxonomy in the educational process, supported by empirical data, are provided. The work is intended for lecturers, methodologists, and researchers interested in improving educational technologies and enhancing student performance.