Abstract
A brief analysis of the situation is presented, which reflects the current state of the scientific and technological sphere in Sweden. The emphasis is placed on the need to introduce OECD standards in our country, which is one of the key imperatives in the implementation of scientific and technological policy. Based on the analysis of the conceptual apparatus and the study of scientific literature, approaches to the analysis of the scientific and technological sphere are presented. The size of intramural R&D expenditures in Sweden in 2015-2020, as well as their relationship to gross domestic product examined and analyzed. It is noted that accounting for intramural R&D expenditures is carried out in accordance with international OECD standards, primarily in accordance with the «FRASCATI» Manual. Information on indirect incentives, the purpose of which is to increase motivation among researchers to implement and execute R&D projects, is provided. The author's proposals have been formulated and supplemented, the implementation of which will ensure the effective development of scientific and technological policy in the Republic of Kazakhstan