Abstract
The article clearly explains how the structurally new, developed current and gas protection works. It is designed to protect single-phase current conduits, various electrical installations with fault diagnosis, and power transformers from internal short circuits. The presented protections are made without using traditional measuring current transformers and current relays with ferromagnetic cores, as well as traditional gas relays. These are widely used in the power industry, but they have significant weight and size parameters and high price cost. The proposed protections use magnetically controlled contacts-reed switches. Protections with magnetically controlled contacts are an alternative to traditional protections of current conduits and are suitable for power transformers. The main obstacle to their widespread introduction into production is a lack of experience with their operation. It is clear that these protections are just as good as the current ones in terms of technical requirements. The presented protections and their design characterize a new approach in the implementation of relay protection and have a resource-saving effect. These protections are resource-saving and applicable to any types and voltage classes of current conduits, various electrical installations, and power transformers. They consist of reed switches. These switches are an order of magnitude cheaper and smaller in size and weight than traditional measuring current transformers. The proposed protections are made in the form of designs for various electrical installations, as well as with their installation inside current conduits and power transformers.