Abstract
This article is devoted to the study of population dynamics as the most important part of the economic potential of the state - labor resources. The purpose of the study was to analyze the dynamics of fertility, mortality, and migration rates as the main indicators used by the demographic policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the age structure of the population that affects economic growth. To achieve this goal, the methodology of the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the EXCEL PPP, was used. The study assessed the dynamics of the main demographic indicators and the impact of their changes on the age structure of the population. Special attention was paid to the ongoing changes in the age structure of the population, which affect the national labor market and economic growth. It was concluded that as a result of a decrease in mortality and fertility in the republic, the proportion of the population classified as net consumers is growing - the part of the population that consumes more on average, but does not produce, i.e. children and the elderly. In conclusion, it is concluded that it is necessary to use demographic indicators in the development of programs and other documents aimed at influencing demographic processes. Recommendations on social and economic issues related to demographic issues are formulated.