Abstract
Zabaikalsky highlander is a spring-type, medium- to late-maturing forage crop that develops with a long daylight. It takes 1300°C to complete the "regrowth - full ripeness of seeds" period. From active (above +10°C) temperatures. The plant is long-lived, it takes root intensively in the first year of life, and the mass of roots increases significantly with the age of the plants. In the hill-plain steppe of the Akmola region, the mass of roots in the arable layer of 20-40 cm of the total weight of plants in the first year of life was 2.6%, in the second year of plant life it increased to 32.3% and in the third year - to 34.5%. For three years of life, the root system of the Zabaikalsky mountaineer evenly covers the soil profile up to 40-50 cm. Mass regrowth of shoots begins after a steady transition of air temperature through+10°C from the buds of renewal. The growth and development of shoots varies from 3-5 pieces in plants of the second year of life and depends on the age of the plants; on the initial set density of standing and the method of sowing; on the water and food regime of each particular year. In the green mass formed during the stalking period, foliage is 59% the highest. An intensive increase in green mass was noted during budding and flowering - 92.4 c/ha. The increase per day is 2.16%. In the conditions of the hill-plain steppe, the growing season from regrowth to full ripeness of seeds was 120-131 days. The seeds ripen within 65-80 days.