THE 4C MODEL AS A TOOL FOR DEVELOPING COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IN SPEAKING

N.B. Nabi

2025

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DOI 10.48081/wixf7935
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

The development of speaking skills in multilingual settings is profoundly influenced by the 4C model in language acquisition. This research employs both qualitative and quantitative data (T-test and ANOVA along with student reflections and teacher observations) to illustrate the model’s impact on vocabulary and grammatical accuracy, as well as oral competency and overall confidence. In an experimental study of 60 students, Kazakh language learners who were exposed to 4C-based pedagogy outperformed those who were subjected to traditional methods in terms of speaking skills. The students in the experimental group also exhibited better class attendance, more group work, and higher interest in lessons incorporating project work, open lectures, and role-playing games. Specifically, class attendance increased by 15 %, group work participation rose by 20 %, and students showed a 25 % improvement in engagement during project-based learning activities. Therefore, students’ participation in lessons has changed. This research supports the necessity of considering the integration of 4C strategies into language programs for the teaching of the Kazakh language and other subjects in Kazakhstan and in bilingual education. There are still some obstacles attending the shift from a traditional approach to a constructivist one – adapting teachers to student-centered methods and in-service training – but in general, it is necessary to advocate wider application of the 4C framework for communicative competence in reading, writing, and speaking at academic, occupational, and intercultural levels. These challenges primarily include the lack of comprehensive teacher training programs, resistance to pedagogical change, and the need for more structured resources to facilitate the transition.” More research is needed to determine the influence of 4C-based instruction concerning long-term assessment and the use of technology. Keywords: Language Education, Kazakh Language Learning, 4C Model, Communicative Competence, Speaking Skills, Critical Thinking, Creativity, Collaboration.