Abstract
Introduction. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, the problem of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is of particular importance due to the high incidence of gastrointestinal diseases and limited access to modern diagnostic and therapeutic methods in some regions. Despite the availability of international clinical guidelines, implementing these approaches in clinical practice requires not only technical and organizational support but also a high level of awareness and commitment from primary care and specialized physicians. The purpose of the study. To assess the level of awareness among physicians in the Republic of Kazakhstan regarding current approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori infection, as well as to the symptomatic management of dyspeptic disorders, and to identify key barriers that hinder the prevention and treatment of this infection. Materials and Methods. This descriptive observational study involved interviewing 175 general practitioners (GPs) and 35 gastroenterologists from 6 regions of Kazakhstan. Results. The study showed that gastroenterologists generally have a higher level of awareness of modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of H. Pylori compared to GPs. Recommendations of clinical protocols remain the most important criterion for both gastroenterologists and GPs when choosing a treatment regimen for H. pylori infection. The primary reasons for the failure of eradication therapy, according to both groups of specialists, are bacterial resistance to antibiotics, insufficient patient awareness of the risks associated with H. pylori persistence, and the importance of completing treatment. Conclusions. Gastroenterologists have a higher level of awareness than GPs; they also more often use modern diagnostic methods and focus on local antibiotic resistance when choosing treatment regimens. Primary care physicians remain a key link in patient routing; however, their needs for additional training and support are more pronounced.