Abstract
The study aims to assess the current state of the environment, urban pollution levels, and demographic indicators. This comprehensive assessment is crucial for understanding the multifaceted impact of urbanization and industrial activities on public health and environmental sustainability. During the study, a detailed trend analysis of emissions of liquid, gaseous, and solid pollutants was carried out, spanning several years to identify patterns and fluctuations in pollution levels. The study meticulously quantified the types and volumes of pollutants emitted, providing a clear picture of the environmental burden faced by urban areas. The economic aspects of environmental protection costs and their impact on reducing pollutant emissions were considered. Additionally, demographic indicators were examined: the number of births, mortality, and the number of children with special educational development needs, in order to identify the relationship between the level of pollution and public health. The results show that despite increased investment in environmental protection, emissions levels remain high, and negative impacts on public health continue. The main sources of pollution have been identified: industrial enterprises and transport. Recommendations are proposed to improve the environmental situation, including strengthening emissions controls, improving waste management infrastructure, and promoting green technologies. The implementation of these recommendations can help improve the air quality and health of Almaty residents, the sustainable economic development of the city, as well as improve the quality of life of the population