Abstract
The energy sector is a key foundation that ensures the sustainable economic development of any state. It not only provides all sectors of the economy with the necessary infrastructure but also plays a special role as a driving force of investment and innovative development. In addition, energy constitutes a significant share of GDP, contributes to the creation of new jobs, and promotes the establishment of enterprises with high economic efficiency. According to the International Energy Agency, by 2027 global demand for electricity will increase by approximately 4% annually, with 85% of this growth expected to come from developing countries. The current geopolitical situation, technological transformations, and the transition to a "green" economy highlight the relevance of this research. The main purpose of the article is to demonstrate that the efficient management of energy resources is a key factor in economic growth, as well as to analyze the current state of Kazakhstan’s electric power sector. As part of the study, the main indicators of the energy sector for 2020–2024 were examined, and a review of its structure was carried out. In addition, the economic performance of electricity enterprises was analyzed from a statistical perspective, with a comparative assessment conducted across different periods. At the global level, the positions of countries in terms of electricity production and consumption volumes were studied. The results and conclusions of the article, by providing specific information to the domestic scientific community, serve as an empirical basis for future research in the energy sector, which confirms the value of the work. During the study, a number of pressing issues in Kazakhstan’s energy and electricity sectors were identified, for which specific recommendations were developed. The practical significance of the research lies in the ability to identify regions with the greatest energy imbalances and to develop strategies for the advancement of regional energy infrastructure