Abstract
In this study, the modification of "Taldykol" activated coal using the electric arc discharge method at different currents (100 A, 200 A, and 300 A) and its potential for producing graphene-like nanomaterials is discussed. The treatment of the coal leads to significant changes in its microstructure, including an increase in porosity (from 1.88 to 0.38 μm) and an improvement in adsorption properties, which contributes to effective absorption of gases and liquids. Raman spectroscopy showed a high degree of graphitization of the obtained nanomaterials with Gf values of 83.1% at 100 A, 89.5% at 200 A (lower part of the reactor), 97.5% at 200 A (electrode), and 91.1% at 300 A. Low ID/IG ratios (from 0.01 to 0.1) and high IG/I2D ratios (from 2.5 to 3.7) indicate minimal defects and high-quality graphitic structures. Based on the gas composition and physicochemical properties data (volatility 42.54%, moisture 29.37%, ash content 19.23%, bulk density 0.70 g/cm³, pore volume 0.59 cm³/g, pH 7.05), the obtained nanomaterials possess high adsorption properties and can be used in fields such as hydrogen storage, energy, filtration, and the development of nanomaterials.