Abstract
Relevance: Despite significant progress in diagnosing and treating oncological diseases, rehabilitation remains poorly integrated into comprehensive patient care. As the number of cancer survivors increases, the development of personalized and multidisciplinary rehabilitation models becomes especially important to ensure sustainable recovery and improved quality of life. The study aimed to examine scientific studies analyzing modern approaches to cancer patient rehabilitation and to develop an integrative model that ensures a personalized and multidisciplinary approach to recovery. Methods: A literature review was conducted using the Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases for publications from 2015 to 2024. Inclusion criteria: publications in Russian and English considering the physical, psychological, nutritional, social, and telemedicine rehabilitation of cancer patients. Exclusion criteria: case reports and clinical symptoms or complications not related to rehabilitation. A total of 94 publications were selected, of which 42 were included in the analysis. Results: The State Strategy of Kazakhstan for 2023-2027 declares the introduction of an integrated approach to oncological rehabilitation; however, problems of standardization, staff shortages, and accessibility of services remain. The approaches of Germany, the United States, and Japan are described, and various models are illustrated. Six key components of the integrative model are identified: physical activity, psychological support, nursing support, pelvic and sexual rehabilitation, telemedicine, and nutritional support. Conclusion: Integrating multidisciplinary cancer rehabilitation into the healthcare system is essential for improving quality of life, reducing disability, and enhancing the social adaptation of cancer patients. Adapting international practices to the national context will help improve the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs in Kazakhstan