Abstract
Bacterial diseases of walnut (Juglans regia) reduce yields in southern Kazakhstan, necessitating effective plant protection measures. The antimicrobial activity of Kasumin (kasugamycin), Agry-Gent Plus 800 (gentamicin sulfate + oxytetracycline hydrochloride), Phytolavin (phytobacteriomycin), Kocide (copper hydroxide), Zerox (colloidal silver), and Bordeaux mixture (basic copper sulfate) was evaluated using the agar diffusion method. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA, p < 0.0001) and heatmap visualization revealed significant differences in efficacy.Kasumin exhibited high antimicrobial activity against Pantoea agglomerans, Pseudomonas syringae, and Xanthomonas campestris, while demonstrating moderate effectiveness against the remaining pathogens. Agry-Gent Plus 800 was effective against Pantoea agglomerans and Agrobacterium tumefaciens, showing moderate activity against other bacteria. Phytolavin, Zerox, Kocide, and Bordeaux mixture demonstrated moderate or low activity against the tested bacteria.Statistical analysis and data visualization were performed using Python (pandas, scipy, statsmodels) which facilitated the optimization of preparation selection and supported the development of digital platforms for phytosanitary monitoring of walnuts in Kazakhstan. The data can be integrated into digital platforms for monitoring and forecasting the phytosanitary status of nut crops, contributing to the development of evidence-based plant protection recommendations.