Abstract
In this research, an algorithm performs the role of a model for the cyber-physical system (CPS) based on a self-organizing wireless sensor network (WSN), which collects and sends data on the environment. The system is an air quality monitoring based on ZigBee protocol. Wormhole attacks can disrupt the operation of the network, and approaches for detecting and modeling these attacks are suggested by the study. An attack detection and mitigation algorithm for wireless sensor networks has been developed, which is capable of detecting and mitigating such attacks. It uses network traffic analysis and anomaly detection methods, enhancing the network’s security. To enhance the cyber-physical system against modern threats, additional security measures, including traffic encryption, authentication, and route verification, are suggested. This kind of network security greatly reduces the effect of attacks and enhances the quality of environmental monitoring.