Abstract
Ensuring accurate modulation of momentum, thermal, and mass transport in micro/nanoscale lubrication is vital for high-performance microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), lab-on-chip devices, and modern industrial technologies. These configurations frequently involve intricate interactions between stretching surfaces, unsteady film geometry, electromagnetic fields, and nanofluid properties. The challenge lies in enhancing energy performance amidst localized irreversibilities and nonuniform transport. This research explores how a three-dimensional electroconductive hybrid nanofluid film develops over time when enclosed between a laterally moving membrane and an oscillating upper compressor, both influenced by applied electric and magnetic fields. A mathematical model accounting for Joule heating, electroosmosis, thermo-diffusion, and reactive mass transfer is solved using a numerical finite difference method to analyze flow, thermal, mass, and irreversibility characteristics. Key findings disclose that entropy is localized: high in ’troughs’ (frictional/EM dissipation), low in ’crests’ (heat transfer dominant). Joule heating helps in reducing external energy needs, but it contributes to entropy generation which mandates the optimal electric field control and an improved channel geometry for energy-efficient operation. Additionally, Brownian motion and thermophoresis ensure uniform nanoparticle dispersion, providing stable, thin-film lubrication and reducing dry patches. For sustainable nanoscale fluidics, these insights are crucial, leading to energy-efficient design and control by optimizing transport and managing entropy.