Abstract
Aim. To study the features of morphological changes in the lungs in children with congenital pneumonia of various etiologies. Materials and methods. A retrospective study of the lungs of children of the pathoanatomic department of the Regional Children's Clinical Hospital (Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan) from 2020 to 2023 was conducted. Protocols of pathoanatomic autopsies of 18 corpses under the age of 1 month who died of congenital pneumonia were analyzed. Results and discussion . It was found that the macroscopic signs of pneumonia are a mottled appearance of the lungs, alternating dark areas of atelectasis and light swollen emphysematous fields in the dead during the first 1-3 days of life are poorly expressed, but increase by 5-7 days, when more significant lesions of the lung tissue are observed. Microscopically, the most common changes include circulatory disorders, the formation of foci of distelectases, lymphocytic infiltration, often with an admixture of erythrocytes, the presence of fibrin, the formation of hyaline membranes and edematous hemorrhagic syndrome, especially in premature infants with gestational immaturity of the lungs. Conclusions. Macro- and micro-preparations of lung tissue obtained during autopsy indicate serious changes in the lung tissue and circulatory system, which can have significant clinical consequences for the health of newborns.