Abstract
This article provides a detailed examination of the theoretical foundations and practical aspects of the formation of a green economy in Kazakhstan, including key concepts of sustainable development and principles of green growth. A comprehensive analysis is conducted on the current regulatory framework, covering national programs, energy-saving legislation, and mechanisms for stimulating green investments. The current state of green energy is assessed, including indicators for the deployment of renewable energy sources, as well as an analysis of the volumes and sources of green investments. The article identifies major barriers and risks to the transition, such as financial constraints, technological gaps, and a low level of public awareness. Promising directions for further greening of the economy are outlined, followed by specific recommendations for supporting sustainable development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the green sector based on international experience and national specifics.