Interactions between Covid-19 and chronic disease: A multilevel analysis of treatment strategies and outcomes

Yerzhan Zhunussov, Yevgeniya Li, Bakhyt Kosherova, Gheorghe Plăcintă, Xeniya E. Mkhitaryan

2025

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DOI 10.36740/merkur202503102
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Aim: The purpose of study was to analyse the interaction between COVID-19 and chronic diseases, with a focus on evaluating the effectiveness of treatment strategies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The study, conducted at the Infectious Disease Centre of the Regional Clinical Hospital of Karaganda, aimed to determine factors influencing therapy effectiveness in 236 COVID-19 patients. It assessed the dynamics of laboratory indicators and their relationship with chronic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular conditions, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancer. Demographic data, including age and gender, were also considered. RESULTS: Results: The study revealed no significant age difference between patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 courses, with both groups averaging a similar age of 66 years. The duration of hospitalization was significantly longer for patients with severe disease, who required an average of 15 days, compared to 11 days for patients with moderate disease (p<0.001). Comorbidities, especially arterial hypertension and coronary artery disease, were common in patients with moderate disease but had less impact on outcomes compared to severe cases, where multiple chronic conditions were linked to higher mortality. Some treatments had a more pronounced effect in this group of patients, while others may have been less effective or had negative effects. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The study highlights the critical impact of chronic diseases on the severity and outcomes of COVID-19, emphasizing the need for personalized, multidisciplinary treatment strategies that consider comorbidities to optimize patient outcomes.