Abstract
A study of the cytotoxicity of nanocomposite coatings formed by microarc oxidation with the addition of nanoparticles was conducted. To assess the toxicity of the coatings, the in vitro MTT test with the HOS cell line was used. Two types of coatings with different nanoparticle concentrations were studied: 0.5% and 1%. The analysis showed that the coating with a lower nanoparticle concentration met international biocompatibility standards, while an increase in the nanoparticle content to 1% led to a significant increase in cytotoxicity. It was experimentally established that at a high concentration of nanoparticles in the coatings, changes in the acidity of the medium and sediment formation are observed, which may indicate their chemical instability under physiological conditions. Statistically significant differences in the cytotoxicity level between the studied groups were revealed, which confirms the need to optimize the composition of coatings for medical implants. The study results confirm that nanocomposite coatings with an optimized nanoparticle content may be promising for use in medical devices, but require further validation in vivo. A correlation was established between the concentration of nanoparticles and a change in surface morphology, which may affect cell adhesion. The obtained data highlight the importance of developing safe coatings for biomedical applications.