Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the influence of socio-economic inequality on the formationof regional identity in Kazakhstan and its relationship with national unity. The work analyzestheoretical approaches, including the «core-periphery» model of Immanuel Wallerstein, the conceptsof «thick» and «thin» identities, as well as the theory of «invented traditions» by Eric Hobsbawm.Attention is paid to the issues of integrating local identities into the national discourse in the contextof regional differences and globalization processes. The purpose of the study is to identify how socio-economic imbalances between regions, especially between large cities (Almaty, Astana, Shymkent)and rural areas, affect the identity of citizens. The empirical analysis uses statistical data on the grossregional product, standard of living, migration, access to education and health care. Content analysisof official reports and comparative analysis of regional differences are also used. The results of thestudy confirm that the economic dominance of the central regions increases socio-economicinequality, forming marginalization in the periphery. This contributes to the strengthening of localidentity, which may conflict with the national one, especially in conditions of limited access to resources. However, cultural heritage and regional identity can becomethe basis for consolidation ofsociety when implementing strategies for harmonizing local and national values. The findings of thearticle emphasize the need for public investment in the development of rural regions, the introductionof inclusive educational programs and the stimulation of cultural initiatives. This will transformregional identity from a barrier into a resource for strengthening national unity, which is especiallyimportant in the context of globalization and modernization.