Abstract
The Amu Darya River, a critical water resource for Central Asia, frequently becomes a focal point of tensions between Uzbekistan and Afghanistan. Recent discussions regarding the Amu Darya have been reignited following the construction of a canal by the Taliban administration in 2023. This research delves into the water-related issues between Uzbekistan and Afghanistan, with a particular emphasis on the significance of the Amu Darya River to the countries in the region. Adopting a historical perspective, this study systematically examines official reports, bilateral and multilateral agreements, and existing literature through comparative analysis. The findings suggest that cooperation and consensus at the bilateral level are paramount, overshadowing the contributions of regional and international organizations in resolving this issue.