SELF-PROPAGATING HIGH TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS OF SHAPE MEMORY TITANIUM-NICKEL ALLOYS

N. Baatarbek, Kaster Kamunur, Y. Onuralp

2025

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DOI 10.51580/2025-2.2710-1185.28
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

Introduction This research work is aimed at developing (establishing) an effective method for synthesizing nitinol alloy (Ni – Ti), a shape memory material using the self-propelled hightemperature synthesis (SHS) process. The synthesis was performed using condensed mixtures composed of titanium dioxide (TiO₂), nickel oxide (NiO), and magnesium (Mg), where magnesium served as a reducing agent. The mass fraction of magnesium was varied between 25% and 45% to determine its impact on combustion characteristics. The results showed that the highest combustion temperature reached 1845 °C, with a peak propagation velocity of 9.0 mm/s, demonstrating the system’s strong exothermic nature. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed activation energies of 379.66 kJ/mol and 366.44 kJ/mol as calculated using the Kissinger and Ozawa methods, respectively. These values confirm the thermodynamic feasibility of the SHS reaction. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis identified the presence of multiple phases, including TiNi, MgO, and Mg₂TiO₄, indicating simultaneous reduction and intermetallic formation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a porous microstructure with pore sizes in the range of 50–200 nm, suggesting the suitability of the material for biomedical and sensor applications. Overall, the research confirms that SHS offers a promising pathway to synthesize porous NiTi alloys directly from metal oxides, reducing costs and avoiding complex vacuum-based melting techniques traditionally required in nitinol production.