Abstract
The article indicates that for the first time comprehensive studies are being conducted on the rational use of distant pastures and increasing the productivity of natural grasslands by rational grazing of farm animals in a specific project area, as well as the main feeds of the southeast of Kazakhstan containing different amounts of protein fractions that are split and not split in the rumen. Are most intensively split in the rumen of sheep. Proteins of semi-desert pastures, alfalfa hay meal, soybean grains are broken down within 60-65%, proteins of hay, straw, corn grains, soybean meal, corn on the cob within 31.8-55.3%. Vegetable feeds, including coarse ones, contain a lot of hard-to-digest fiber. Due to the absence of digestive glands in the rumen, the digestion of dry matter occurs without the participation of digestive enzymes. The breakdown of fiber and other feed substances is facilitated by enzymes secreted by microorganisms contained in the pancreas. Protozoa and bacteria develop mainly in the scar. The rumen, the largest chamber of the complex stomach of ruminants, uses 70-85% of the digested dry matter of the diet, which emphasizes its importance. The scar can be considered as a large fermentation chamber providing a suitable environment for the continuous development of a population of microorganisms. The creation of normal conditions in the rumen for the optimal course of microbiological processes plays an important role.