Abstract
The novel "Dream of the Red Chamber", written by Cao Xueqin in the 18th century, is considered one of the greatest masterpieces of Chinese literature. Its profound content, intricate plot, and richness of themes led to the establishment of a specialized field of study called "Hongxue" (红学). Hongxue is dedicated to the comprehensive study of the novel, including its historical context, symbolism, characters, and cultural impact. The development of Hongxue began shortly after the publication of the novel. Chinese scholars Hu Shi and Cai Yuanpei were the first to undertake a systematic analysis of the work. They focused on the author's autobiographical elements, social critique, and philosophical ideas. This article examines various scholarly perspectives and interpretations related to the novel by comparing the works of Chinese, Russian, and American researchers. Special attention is given to the contributions of leading scholars in understanding the themes of the work, its characters, and its cultural significance. The novel "The Dream in the Red Chamber" is considered as a valuable cultural and historical heritage reflecting the image of realistic literature in China, as well as social, economic and social life during the Qing Kingdom.